The battery (also known as the battery) is an important component of the solar power supply system. Its main function is to store the energy generated by the solar panel in the battery immediately for use by the electric equipment. The battery has the function of storing electric energy and stabilizing the voltage.
The main technical parameters of the battery are voltage and capacity. The voltage refers to the rated voltage of the battery, that is, the normal working voltage, and generally has 3V, 6V, 12V, 24V, 36V, and the like. Capacity refers to the ability of the battery to store electricity. Generally, 4AH, 6AH, 12AH, 20AH, 40AH, 60AH, 120AH, etc. are commonly used. For example, in the case of a 40AH battery, it means that when the battery is charged with a current of 4A, it can be fully charged for 10 hours; if it is charged with a current of 1A, it takes 40 hours to be fully charged. The same is true when discharging. Under normal circumstances, the charge and discharge time of the battery is preferably 10 hours of charge and discharge rate.
When the battery is charged by the solar battery, the voltage of the solar battery should exceed 20%-30% of the working voltage of the battery to ensure normal charging of the battery. For charging a 6V battery, you need 8-9V solar cells, and charging a 12V battery requires 15-18V solar cells.
As for charging the battery with solar panels, how to match is good, mainly to see your actual needs.
The solar power generation board cannot supply power to the electrical equipment without using the battery.
The reasons are:
1. A solar power panel is simply a device that converts light energy into electrical energy, and cannot store electrical energy.
2. The solar power board can generate a high electromotive force when the light is strong; when the light is weak, it can only produce a low electromotive force. That is, the output voltage is very unstable and cannot supply power to the powered device normally.
Therefore, the solar power generation system must be composed of a solar power generation board, a voltage conversion module, and a storage battery.
The voltage conversion module converts the unstable voltage generated by the solar power generation panel into a voltage suitable for charging the battery to charge the battery.
The electrical equipment is a relatively stable supply voltage from the battery.
When the solar cell and the battery are connected, it is best to use a photovoltaic charging controller, which can control the output voltage of the solar cell, protect the battery from overcharging, and prevent the battery from flowing back when the solar cell does not generate electricity at night. .
The connection method is as follows:
Solar cell----photovoltaic controller---battery---DC load.
While the solar energy is charging the battery, it is completely feasible to supply the battery to the outside. In this case, the power used by the load will preferentially use the power of the solar battery directly, and the rest will be charged into the battery; on the contrary, if the solar battery is insufficient , will take power from the battery at the same time.
One: First calculate the current:
Such as: 12V battery system; 30W 30W, a total of 60 watts. Current = 60W÷12V= 5 A
Two: Calculate the battery capacity requirements:
Such as: street lights 9.5 hours per night, the actual full load lighting is 7 hours (h); Example 1: 1 LED lights
(If 100% power is turned on at 7:30 in the evening, 50% power is reduced at 11:00 in the night, 100% power is after 4:00 in the morning, and close at 5:00 in the morning)
Example 2: 2 non-LED lights (low pressure sodium lamp, electrodeless lamp, energy saving lamp, etc.)
(If the road is open at 7:30 in the evening, the road is closed at 11:00 in the night, the second road is opened at 4:00 in the morning, and the closing is closed at 5:00 in the morning)
Need to meet the lighting needs of 5 days in continuous rainy days. (5 days plus one night before the rainy day, 6 days) Battery = 5A &TImes; 7h &TImes; ( 5+1) days = 5A &TImes; 42h =210 AH
In addition, in order to prevent overcharging and overdischarging of the battery, the battery is generally charged to about 90%; the remaining remaining is 5%-20%.
So 210AH is only about 70%-85% of the real standard in the application. In addition, the actual loss is measured according to the load.
The actual working current is affected by constant current source, ballast, line loss, etc., and may increase by 15%-25% on the basis of 5A.
Three: Calculate the peak demand (WP) of the panel: The cumulative lighting time of the street lamp needs to be 7 hours (h) per night;
★: The average effective time of the panel is 4.5 hours (h) per day; at least a 20% reserve for the panel is relaxed.
WP÷17.4V = (5A &TImes; 7h × 120%)÷ 4.5h WP÷17.4V =9.33 WP=162(W)
★ : 4.5h daily light time is the sunshine coefficient in the vicinity of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
In addition, in the solar street light module, the line loss, controller loss, and power consumption of the ballast or constant current source are different, and may be in the range of 15%-25% in practical applications. Therefore, 162W is only a theoretical value, which needs to be increased according to the actual situation.
Annual average sunshine time and optimal installation angle of major cities in China
Euroblock, short for "European-style terminal block"; is a combination of a low-voltage disconnect (or pluggable) connector and terminal block commonly used for microphones and line-level audio signals , and for control signals such as RS-232 or RS-485. It is also known as the Phoenix connector and comes from a German Phoenix Electric Company, which was established in 1981 in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, USA. Also known as "Plug-in Terminal Blocks" or "Two-Piece Terminal Blocks".
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