(1) List basic data 1 Determine all load power and continuous working time 2 Determine geographic location: latitude, longitude and altitude 3 Determine the meteorological data of the installation site:
a, annual (or monthly) total solar radiation or annual (or monthly) average sunshine hours
b, annual average temperature and extreme temperature
c, the longest continuous rainy days
d, special climatic data such as maximum wind speed and hail (2) Determine load power consumption: Q=ΣI*H where: I-load current, H-load working time (hours)
(3) Determine the battery capacity: C = Q * d *1.3
Where: d-continuous rainy days C-battery nominal capacity (10 hour discharge rate)
C = (10 ~ 20) × Cr / (1-d)
(4) Determine the inclination of the square matrix: the relationship between the inclination angle of the recommended square matrix and the latitude. Local latitude Ф 0～15° 15～20° 25～30° 30～35° 35～40° >40°
Square array inclination angle 15 15° Ф Ф+5° Ф+10° Ф+15 Ф+20
(5) Calculate the amount of radiation under the square dip angle:
Sβ= S×sin(α+β)/sinα ray In the formula: Sβ—β dip square array direct solar radiation component α+β square matrix α—noon sun elevation angle S—horizontal direct solar radiation (check meteorological data)
Other: α=90°-Φ±δ α β
Where: Φ—latitude
δ—Sun declination (+ in the northern hemisphere) Ground: α=90°-Φ+δ
δ=23.45°sin[(284+n)×360/365]
Where: n—the latitude of the nth day from the beginning of the year, then Rβ=S×sin(α+β)/sinα+D
The total solar radiation amount on the Rβ-β angle square in the formula D—the amount of scattered radiation (refer to meteorological data)
(6) Calculate the square current:
Tm = (Rβ × mwH / cm2) / (100mw / cm2)
Where: Tm—is the average peak sunshine hours
Imin = Q/(Tm×η1×η2)
Where: Imin - square array minimum output current η1 - battery charging efficiency η2 - square array surface dust shielding loss Imax = Q / (Tmin × η1 × η2)
(7) Determine the square matrix voltage:
V = Vf+Vd
Where: Vf—battery float charge voltage (25°C) Vd—line voltage loss (8) Determine the square matrix power:
F=Im×V/(1-α(Tmax-25))
In the formula: α - generally take α = 0.5% Tmax - the maximum operating temperature of the solar cell (9) According to the battery capacity, charging voltage, environmental limit temperature, solar cell array voltage and power requirements, select the appropriate solar cell components.
Example: Take the load 240W/-24V as an example (1) Basic data:
※ Load power: 240W/-24V, continuous operation for 24 hours.
※ Location: Xinjiang Kuche: 83°E east, 41.7°N north latitude
※ Annual average sunshine hours (horizontal plane): 2700 hours ※ Extreme temperature: -40 °C ~ +70 °C
※ Continuous rainy days: 5 days ※ Maximum wind speed: 50m/s
※ Direct solar radiation at the horizontal plane: S = 478mwH/cm2
(2) Load power: Q=240W/-24V *24=240AH
(3) Determine the battery capacity:
Take d=5 C=240*5 *1.3=1560AH
(4) Determine the square dip: β
Take β=40°+15°=55°
(5) Calculate the amount of solar radiation at the angle β of the square:
Because α=90°-Φ+δ=90°-40°+15°=65°
δ=23.45°sin[(284+n)*360/365]
Take n=200 days, so δ=23.45°sin[(284+n)*360/365]=20.82°≈21°
And because Rβ=S*sin(α+β)/sinα+D takes D=0
Then Rβ=478×sin(65°+55°)/sin65°=478*0.96=456mwh/cm2
(6) Calculate the square current because Tm = (Rβ*mwH/cm2)/(100mw/cm2)=456/100=4.56h
So Imin = Q/(Tm*η1*η2) takes η1=1 η2=1
Imin = Q/(Tm*η1*η2)=240/4.56=52.6A
(7) Determine the square matrix power F=Im*V/(1-α(Tmax-25))
Let Im=Imin, Im the average current V=Vm (Vm=SM55 component voltage×4) Tmax=70°
Then F=52.6*69.6/[1-5%*(70-25)]=4723W
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