LED lighting is becoming more prominent and important in a wide range of end applications. This trend will continue and accelerate as the latest end-use applications demand low power, low cost and small size. Retrofitting incandescent lamps with more flexible and versatile LED lights will continue to be an important driver of future growth.
Although all the advantages are related to LED lighting, there are challenges to overcome. The main drawback of current solid-state lighting solutions is not the LED itself, but the power source that provides the lighting energy. Until recently, switching power supplies (SMPS) have been used to supply power, but this has a longevity problem and is bulky, causing installation problems that must be installed on different boards, and the resulting interconnects and leads are another potential The source of the failure. In addition, switching power supplies with active cooling devices such as fans are particularly prone to premature failure. They are also an important source of electromagnetic interference (EMI).
Recent advances in power technology and topology include the emergence of AC direct drive (DACD) power solutions. This new approach eliminates the need for a traditional switching power supply and offers many advantages in terms of cost, size, lifetime and reliability. For example, ON Semiconductor's AC direct drive LED driver NCL 30170 for power factor correction and precision constant current regulation is helping the AC direct drive approach to provide the full range of performance required for LED lighting applications in many end market segments.
The DACD topology for LED drivers is usually divided into two layouts - shunt or bypass - each with its advantages and disadvantages. The shunt type is easy to expand and tends to use a single IC that favors bill of materials (BoM), however, thermal performance can be a problem. In contrast, the bypass topology uses multiple ICs, which, while increasing the complexity of the BoM, is more suitable for applications with multiple LED strings. A fatal weakness may be limited scalability.
In general, the DACD is a big improvement in driving LEDs compared to switching power supplies, but there is a lot of room for improvement in technology; the NCL 30170 offers improved potential. The device uses a shunt topology with all the benefits of the DACD approach while supporting multiple LED strings to be connected. Thus the power can be extended from 10 W to 200 W, and the total number of connected LED strings and external switches is limited only by the highest power level.
Dimming is a must-have for many applications to use or convert to LEDs. Devices such as the NCL 30170 support analog dimming to 5% and provide the wide range of performance required. In many retrofit applications, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) dimming, often referred to as phase-cut dimming, is required, and the NCL 30170 also performs well in this regard.
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