Whether it is the desktop operating system that wants to get rid of Microsoft's rule in the past few years, or the smart terminal operating system that wants to break the monopoly of Android and iOS, the development of the domestic operating system has not been able to circumvent the same problem, that is, to build a complete Whether the operating system ecosystem is feasible.
Recently, the 2015 Independent Controllable Intelligent Terminal Operating System Development Forum hosted by China Intelligent Terminal Operating System Industry Alliance was held in Beijing.
The "Snowden Incident" made everyone realize the importance of information security for the country, the government and even the individual, but the operating system as the core technology of the intelligent terminal has long been monopolized by foreign manufacturers.
Market research firm Strategy Analytcs third-quarter data shows that compared with Android and iOS 84.1% and 13.6% of the global mobile operating system market share, Windows Phone market share fell from 3.2% last year to 1.7% today. Samsung's own mobile operating system, TIzen, accounts for only 0.3% of the global mobile operating system.
In the absolute monopoly of Android and iOS market share combined with 97.7%, even Microsoft and Samsung are convincing developers to develop TIzen applications. Under such a big picture, the road to localization of the operating system is not optimistic.
Deviation between national strategy and marketization
In fact, the development of domestic operating systems has been criticized. Some domestic operating system manufacturers have been exposed to lack of independent innovation, and have modified things on the basis of foreign systems or cores. They have not made a truly autonomous system, so it is not uncommon to defraud the state funds.
The previous Kirin operating system was suspected of plagiarism and fraud is a typical case. The flagship of the domestic operating system manufacturer Red Flag, which was established 14 years ago, was closed in bankruptcy due to financial crisis.
In addition to the problems of the domestic desktop operating system, several domestic mobile operating systems have also encountered more or less "all Android modifications". For example, the COS system is very similar to the Android-based HTC Sense interface. The 960 OS was questioned about the gold content or security of independent intellectual property rights.
According to industry insiders, these domestic operating system manufacturers have a certain government background. The state writes the operating system manufacturers into the support plan, and can meet the requirements to apply for funds. "It's starting point is the state's subsidies, not from a commercial perspective."
"If the research and development of domestic operating systems rises to the national strategic and security status, the actual operation process needs to be completed through market-oriented means. These two are firstly deviated, or need market-oriented means to do the direction from the true user experience. This matter." Internet observer Yang Lei said in an interview with the "China Business News" reporter.
Qi Cool Technology CTO Zhu Fanghao also said: "The most important thing about the operating system is not relying on the power of the state. The operating system must be appealing from the business model. The upstream and downstream industry chain manufacturers can benefit from it, regardless of application development. And equipment manufacturers are very important."
In fact, for domestic operating systems, technology is not a problem, the difficulty is the ecosystem. Like Samsung's manpower, material resources and financial resources are very strong, but the independent development of the operating system TIzen has been unsuccessful, the core reason is the ecosystem.
The so-called ecology is the support of application developers, and this is not determined by administrative orders, but which platform can make money for developers to run on which platform. The lack of applications has caused a decline in the user experience, and users are reluctant to purchase mobile phones equipped with the operating system, so that the formation of a vicious circle in which developers are not willing to develop applications is not profitable.
According to survey data from Comscore, in July 2015, the total number of smartphone users in the United States was 191.4 million, and the number of Windows Phone users was about 5.55 million. In contrast, public information shows that at this stage, the total number of Android users worldwide is 1.4 billion, and the number of iOS users exceeds 800 million.
The huge gap in the number of users, "so that software such as today's headlines are updated very quickly on Android and iOS systems, and there is only one version on the Windows Phone platform." Yang Lei said.
For Microsoft's Windows Phone, it's good from the perspective of usability and application. Why is the share still falling? If you go to China to do this system, who will use it?
Not long ago, Microsoft’s internal plan to declare Windows 10 compatible with Android was put on hold indefinitely. "Compatibility can make up for its own application, but there are technical problems and authorization problems, which is very complicated." Yang Lei believes that "if the domestic operating system is better than Microsoft, this matter can be discussed. However, without considering the national strategy. It is basically impossible for mobile phone manufacturers or industries to fight for the current mobile operating system market."
With the changes of the times, the functions of making calls and texting have been reduced to secondary functions of smart phones, and more importantly, some APP applications and services. Only the mature smartphone operating system ecosystem can provide rich APP applications and services. For the domestic mobile terminal operating system that started late, it is obviously difficult to build such an ecosystem from scratch.
Change in operating system form
From the perspective of information technology development, the market opportunity brought by any round of IT wave is only a short time, and the domestic smartphone operating system has obviously missed the market of the smartphone era.
However, from the perspective of services and portals, the form of the operating system is also undergoing some changes.
The intelligent terminal operating system is not simply a memory management, technical scheduling, device management, etc., but also does not specifically refer to the desktop operating system or mobile operating system. Such an operating system has become a thing of the past, and it has little meaning. From this point of view, the domestic intelligent terminal operating system may not have a way out.
In fact, Google has been maintaining the evolution of the entire Android version, and with this version of the evolution trend, more and more processing is not done locally on the mobile phone, but through cloud services based on the background, big data. Providing a lot of services to users, the role of the local operating system is gradually weakening.
“A lot of services are transferred to the cloud. The services implemented by the terminal are actually completed in the cloud. There is no cloud participation. The services on the terminal are very limited. In the past, the operating system supported by the device was not so great. Currently more What is needed is the operating system supported by the service." Zhu Fanghao said, "The pattern of the smartphone operating system is now fixed. If you do another Android, it doesn't really make much sense."
However, in the future, there may be subversive, other forms of intelligent terminal operating systems, or such subversion will appear in different product forms, but for now, such subversion is not seen in a short time.
In Zhu Fanghao's view, from the perspective of the future robot, the robot needs a terminal operating system that can learn intelligently. Such an operating system will become the kernel of the robot, and a kernel like this will become very valuable. Of course, The system is also inseparable from a variety of services, but its intelligence is stronger than smartphones.
From this point of view, it is necessary to continue to invest in the intelligent terminal operating system in order to develop a smart terminal operating system with independent intellectual property rights.
"This is another format. Your development progress is slow. It may be that the whole industry is developing slowly. When the scale of this format is large enough, it may become a standard. This depends on the entry point of this company, such as the Internet of Things, robots, Intelligent hardware, smart home, etc." Zhu Fanghao said.
With the development of the Internet of Things, like Windows for PC, Android and iOS for mobile operating systems, Internet-based operating systems will continue to emerge.
Huawei launched an Internet of Things operating system LiteOS at the 2015 Huawei Network Conference. Although it attracted a lot of attention, it was considered by the industry as not many highlights.
As the technology matures, the industry will inevitably form a unified standard. This may be the opportunity and value of a domestic smart terminal operating system.
From a higher perspective, the operating system has actually become a service, and some super applications are already operating systems themselves.
For example, WeChat is an operating system that provides a variety of services such as communication, payment, e-commerce, and games. "In fact, these services are even omnipotent. What people need can be done. The key is that they need not. As for iOS or Android operating system, it is no longer the key." Zhu Fanghao said.
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