3G

3G is the abbreviation of English 3rd Gener ati on, which represents the third generation mobile communication technology . Since the advent of mobile phones, it has gone through the first generation of analog handsets (1G) and the second generation of GSM, TDMA and other digital handsets (2G), while the current telecommunication operators and end product manufacturers advocate 3G refers to wireless communication and international A new generation of mobile communication systems combined with multimedia communications such as the Internet. It can handle a variety of media formats such as images, voice, video streaming, and provides various information services including web browsing, teleconferences, and e-commerce. Provides powerful support for mobile phones incorporating multimedia elements.

The main objectives of the third generation communication network are to locate real-time video, high-speed multimedia and mobile Internet access services. Using advanced air interface technology, core packet grouping technology, and efficient use of spectrum, it is possible to achieve the above business. Although high-speed data transmission capability is one of the key features of third-generation wireless networks, its real advantage is the expansion of high-quality voice service capacity. The speed of expansion of high-quality voice service capacity that can be supported by current second-generation networks cannot meet the increasing demand of customers. High data capacity can bring mobile users closer to the Internet. In addition to adding certain technical complexity, network communications based on ATM or IP technology will greatly reduce the cost of voice and data services.

3G technology standards: As early as May 2000, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has established three mainstream 3G standards: W-CDMA, CDMA2000, and TD-SCDMA.

W-CDMA: Wideband CDMA, meaning broadband multiple access, is a 3G technology specification developed by the GSM network. Its proponents are mainly European manufacturers based on the GSM system, including Ericsson, Nokia, and Lucent in Europe and America. , Nortel and Japan's NTT, Fujitsu, Sharp and other manufacturers. This system can be set up on the existing GSM network, and it can be more convenient for the system provider to make the transition. However, Asia, which has a very popular GSM system, will accept this new technology more. Therefore, W-CDMA has an inherent market advantage. At present, there are many kinds of products for W-CDMA handsets, but there is no complete 3G network that can be applied in China. CDMA2000: Made by American Qualcomm North America, moto.it168.com/'target='_blank' class='pk'>Motorola, Lucent and South Korea's Samsung have all participated, and South Korea is now the leader of the standard. This set of standards is derived from the narrowband CDMA2000 1X digital standard, and can be directly upgraded from the original CDMA2000 1X architecture to CDMA2000 3X (3G) with low construction cost. However, currently only CDMA is used in Japan, South Korea, and North America. China Unicom has also applied this mode of transition. Supporters of CDMA2000 are not as good as W-CDMA. However, the CDMA2000 R&D technology is the fastest among the current standards, and many 3G mobile phones have also been introduced. TD-SCDMA: Full name of Time Division-Synchronous CDMA. This standard is a 3G standard proposed by China Datang Telecom. The standard integrates today's world-leading technologies such as smart wireless, synchronous CDMA and software radio. Due to the huge domestic market in China, this standard has received the attention of major telecom equipment manufacturers. More than half of the equipment manufacturers in the world have announced that they can support the TD-SCDMA standard, which is a great opportunity for China’s communications industry.

Because 3G commercials require quite a vast amount of work, the level involved is numerous and complex. From the current 2G to 3G, it will not be possible to converge. Therefore, 2.5G mobile phones have emerged, and 2.5 of the commercial applications have been commercialized. G mobile communication technology can be regarded as a convergence technology from 2G to 3G, and HSCSD, WAP, EDGE, Bluetooth (Bluetoot), EPOC and other technologies are 2.5G technologies.

2.5G includes CDMA2000 1X and GPRS. In China, there are two opposing camps of China Unicom and China Mobile. It can be said that both camps are gradually moving towards 3G for their respective standards.

CDMA is Code Division Multiple Access (Code Division Multiple Access). That is, since the communication operator provides services to as many users as possible, it is necessary to allow multiple users to share the same frequency band. At this point, each user's call channel can be distinguished by using a special symbol called a pseudo-random noise code (PN code). CDMA2000 1x is called 2.5G mobile communication technology and can be considered as the transition phase of CDMA2000 3X (3G).

The main difference between CDMA2000 3x and CDMA2000 1x lies in the application of multi-carrier technology. By using three carriers to increase the bandwidth, CDMA2000 1x uses only one frequency band and is therefore called "1x". At present, China Unicom is using this solution to transition to 3G, and has built a CDMA2000 1x network.

GPRS is the abbreviation of General Packet Radio Service (General Packet Radio Service). It is a new high-speed packet data transmission technology based on the existing GSM network. Compared with the original GSM circuit-switched data transmission method with dial-up access, GPRS is a packet-switching technology with the advantages of “always on-line”, “free switching” and “high-speed transmission”. It can make mobile data communications services more powerful and convenient. At present, China Mobile is using this solution to transition to 3G, and has upgraded the original GSM network to a GPRS network, providing users with a full range of GPRS services through its comprehensive GSM network.

EDGE is an abbreviation of Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution and is a higher-speed GPRS follow-up technology. EDGE is completely based on the current GSM standard, and not only can the GPRS function reach its limit, but it can also provide broadband multimedia services through the current wireless network. Can be applied in such things as wireless multimedia, email, web infotainment, and videoconferencing. Let us initially experience the charm of 3G technology. Nokia 6220 and its successor models are the first to support this technology.

Looking at a number of new technologies, it indicates that the 3G era is about to come. New technologies are constantly being applied. Future mobile communications tools will not only bring us convenient communications, but also bring us an infinitely exciting world of mobile multimedia.