A driverless car is a type of smart car, also known as a wheeled mobile robot, which relies mainly on a computer-based smart pilot in the car to achieve the goal of unmanned driving. According to Thomson Reuters' latest report on intellectual property and technology, between 2010 and 2015, more than 22,000 invention patents related to automotive driverless technology, and in the process, some companies have emerged as an industry in this field. leader.
However, in recent days, no one has been driving, but there have always been many accidents. In the past few days, Uber accidents have been suspended with NVIDIA. Can drone continue? Let's take a look at the status quo and development of driverless people along with Xiaobian.
Chip giant Nvidia announced that it will temporarily stop testing all its driverless cars.
NVIDIA has confirmed this to the tech media TechCrunch, which issued a statement saying: “The ultimate driverless car will be much safer than a human driver, so this important work needs to continue. We just temporarily stop testing on public roads. Driverless cars to learn from the Uber incident. Our globally driven data collection vehicles will continue to operate."
Shortly thereafter, Nvidia updated its statement and said: "This accident is a tragedy. It reminds people how difficult it is to develop unmanned car technology and requires extreme caution and the best security technology support. This tragedy is why we are committed to perfecting this life-saving technology."
Prior to this, NVIDIA has been conducting unmanned vehicle testing in New Jersey and California, as well as in Japan and Germany. This week, NVIDIA will hold its annual "GPU Technology Conference" in San Jose, which is expected to announce some news about its automotive products.
A driverless Uber car crashed a pedestrian in Tempe, Arizona last week, and after the incident, several companies have announced a moratorium on testing unmanned vehicles, and Nvidia is One of the latest companies to make this decision. Previously, Toyota Motors also said it would suspend unmanned vehicle testing in cities around the world because Uber's crash accident “has been emotionally hit hard†for safety drivers equipped with unmanned vehicles.
In addition to testing its own driverless cars, NVIDIA also produces computing platforms for unmanned vehicles. Earlier this year, NVIDIA began selling Xavier chips for self-driving cars. The chip maker said the company has 320 customers in the driverless car sector.
For the past time, Uber has been using NVIDIA's driverless technology, but the two companies did not start talking about it until earlier this year. Uber has previously said that the company will use NVIDIA technology in its Volvo driverless and unmanned trucks. However, Uber has also suspended driverless car testing in all of the company's business operations, and the Arizona governor has temporarily banned Uber from testing its unmanned vehicles in the state.
The computer produced by NVIDIA and its competitor Intel (NASDAQ:INTC) can be said to be the most important part of the unmanned car, because all images that the unmanned vehicle "sees" with its sensors, as well as map data and audio materials, are needed. Use a large PC (personal computer) for processing so that an unmanned vehicle can make an instant decision.
Development status of driverless cars at home and abroad
1. Development status of foreign driverless cars
As the first company to develop unmanned technology, Google Inc. has developed a fully-automated driving vehicle that can automatically start and stop. The Google Autopilot project was reorganized into an independent company called Waymo. Waymo announced on November 7, 2017 that it will test unmanned cars without safety drivers. Unmanned car testing is expected to accelerate in 2018, and in 2018 Waymo may deploy more fully driverless cars on the road. In addition to the traditional automotive industry and Internet companies such as Google have begun the development of driverless cars and have achieved very good results, Apple, Uber, etc. have also tilted the scope of business to driverless cars.
2. Development status of domestic driverless vehicles
At present, domestic Baidu, Chang'an and other enterprises, as well as defense technology universities, military transportation colleges and other military academies are left in the forefront of domestic research and development. For example, Changan Automobile realized the long-distance driving record of the domestic driverless car that the driverless car departed from Chongqing all the way to Beijing. Baidu Automobile also carried out the first unmanned steam in Beijing.
The car was tested on the Beijing road and it was successful. By 2020, unmanned vehicles are expected to achieve road testing on the Yanchong Expressway from Beijing to Chongli. The rapid development of related technologies has undoubtedly provided strong technical support for the future of unmanned driving.
Unmanned future development
One day in the future, when unmanned vehicles are popular, many existing social systems will be strongly impacted. For example, people no longer need the hard drive and insurance regulations. With the popularity of information technology, driverless cars will be connected to mobile communication technology, and driverless cars can be kept in touch through mobile communication at any time. If it is an electric driverless car, perhaps buying an electric car from the State Grid Corporation is no longer out of reach, the fuel fee will be replaced by electricity, and the gas station will be dismantled. Taxi on the road does not need a "brother", the taxi driver's career will gradually disappear. The emergence of driverlessness has brought us infinite beauty.
1. Unmanned future vision and goal realization
Recently, the scenes and functions exhibited by a domestic Audi car advertisement are Audi's vision of future unmanned driving. The new Audi A8 is equipped with Level 3 autopilot technology – one of the world's first self-driving cars to reach this level. Level 3 autopilot technology is in fact an important watershed for autonomous driving technology, the difference between “automatic assisted driving†and “unmanned drivingâ€. Level 2 corresponds to the current common ADAS (Advanced Intelligent Driving Assistance) technology. Includes assisted driving functions such as ACC (Adaptive Cruise), AEB (Emergency Brake) and LDWS (Drive Departure Warning System), the driver of the vehicle must still be the driver himself. The appearance of Level 3 allows the driver to release the steering wheel during driving, divert attention, and even replace the driver to drive the car at a critical time. This level of autonomous driving technology is more in line with our imagination of "unmanned driving".
2. Problems and difficulties encountered by driverless cars in the future
At present, the domestic unmanned driving technology has been continuously developed and made great progress. The driverless car has been recognized by the public, but it still takes a long way to go to realize the popularization of driverless cars. The level is not high, the parts are not localized seriously, the policies and regulations need to be improved, and so on.
(1) Technical issues. At present, the exploration of domestic unmanned technology is still based on the technology that has emerged abroad. It is mainly divided into two kinds of patterns. One is that automobile companies mainly use American Tesla technology as a model, and the other is based on Google technology. Explore. Precise positioning and navigation is the most important part of achieving unmanned driving. Only the precise positioning and navigation can ensure the safety and reliability of driverless driving.
At present, due to technical factors, high-precision GPS is subject to foreign restrictions and cannot be applied to civilian vehicles. However, ordinary civilian GPS sensitivity is flawed and cannot be accurately positioned. Although the Beidou navigation system independently developed by China has been put into use, it still has a long way to go to catch up with GPS. At present, it is widely used in cooperation with electronic map surveying and mapping enterprises to obtain the relative accuracy of positioning. In-vehicle sensors and high-precision laser radars are used as the eyes of automobiles. There is no guarantee in China that their accuracy requirements are still subject to people. How to realize the localization of vehicle control technology is not only the inevitable problem of unmanned driving, but also the problem that China's automobile industry must solve in the world.
(2) Policies and regulations. Although developed countries such as the United States and Japan have encouraged the rapid development of driverless technology, they have also made clear restrictions on the driving of unmanned vehicles. How to achieve unmanned driving in the true sense of the world is a problem that must be faced. If a driverless car wants to travel legally, it must first solve the problems of policies and regulations. In the actual driving process of driverless cars, it is inevitable that accidents will occur for some reasons, how to divide the responsibility of accidents, how to make fair decisions, etc. These are all issues to be discussed and verified in depth. At present, there are no countries that have formulated perfect policies and regulations for driverless cars. To truly realize the popularization of driverless cars, this is a problem that must be solved and requires extra care.
(3) Difficulties and difficulties. A very important use of driverless is to use it in certain special environments. Because in some special circumstances, people are difficult to survive, and driverless can overcome these problems, but it also needs to solve, for example, extremely cold, roads. The impact of various extreme environments, such as complex conditions, is also the same for all future developments of driverless driving.
On the highway, the driverless car is mainly guaranteed to travel according to road safety signs and vehicle identification, which can largely solve the danger caused by fatigue and other factors. In urban road conditions, the road conditions are mainly complex environment, large mobility of people, and more attention should be paid to road information when driving, which has higher requirements for sensing and artificial intelligence control algorithms. Unmanned driving in urban environments is a greater challenge for unmanned technology. How to improve driving maneuverability and safety will be a difficult point for unmanned driving in the future.
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