Fire is the origin of human civilization, but the battery is on fire, but it is not fun at all. Before the Tesla Model S battery fire incident, people's attention was suddenly pulled to the most expensive and weakest place of electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid cars - battery pack, there is no way to do fire prevention. According to IEEESpectrum, there is an important car manufacturer currently testing a new technology that monitors the battery pack's operating status, identifies stimuli defects in advance, and alerts them at any time.
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Burnt battery
A report by IEEE Spectrum last year entitled Can Signal Processing Stop Battery Fires? details the specific information developed in the early days of the technology. Now, its developers claim that the system has attracted the attention of many car companies, they have now jointly developed this battery monitoring technology with an unnamed automotive industry partner, and plans to launch in the next five years.
Although from the statistical point of view, the electric car fire is not as common as the traditional gasoline-powered car, but once it is burned, it will cause very large personal injury. Therefore, even part of the cause of the battery fire is due to the unstable chemical composition of the lithium battery electrolyte solution, but both Fisker Karma and Tesla Model S have been provoked by the "fire scandal". Therefore, in order to become a reliable and mainstream alternative to gasoline-powered vehicles in the future, electric vehicles/plug-in hybrid vehicles must first eliminate the psychology of users.
After investigating the lithium battery fire accidents in mobile phones, laptops and other consumer electronics products, TIAX in Lexington developed a battery monitoring technology that can run on a car computer. According to TIAX, the technology can identify this rare dangerous battery that can cause a thermally runaway fire for decades before the battery poses a threat to the occupant, which is usually caused by an internal short circuit in the battery.
TIAX Vice President Brian Barnett said:
This kind of battery that is easy to cause a thermal runaway fire is very rare and difficult to distinguish, but it is not impossible to find it. However, the most challenging part of this problem is that it is almost impossible for such faulty batteries to be 'caught out' by quality inspectors before leaving the factory. They can only be detected when they are actually used, because their internal short circuits are slowly generated during daily driving.
TIAX summed up the actual safety accidents and found that during the cycle of repeated charge and discharge of the battery pack, the tiny metal zinc ions suddenly expanded in the continuous plating process. These accumulated metal bumps will adhere to the small holes in the middle of the battery separator, which will accumulate over time, eventually causing a short circuit between the cathode and cathode of the battery.
In the factory, this annoying battery may contain only metal particles that are tens of microns in diameter but cannot be detected by the instrument. During the use of the battery, the particle size is getting larger and larger, and eventually the battery is short-circuited. However, if you can carefully monitor the battery voltage, impedance and current, you can actually pre-empt the vaccination. TIAX's team has demonstrated the dangers of this particle by performing computer simulations and laboratory tests on faulty batteries generated by intentional micro-metal impurities.
Lithium battery thermal runaway phenomenon schematic
Here we use concrete examples to illustrate. Suppose a certain type of "18650" lithium battery has an impedance of about 50 milliohms. With continuous use, if the impedance of the lithium battery grows to nearly one thousand ohms, the TIAX technology can detect a typical short circuit in the battery. . If a short circuit occurs early, then a battery current with an impedance of 100 ohms is more than three orders of magnitude smaller than the battery current used each day, which is why it is difficult to detect the signs before the battery fires in the traditional way.
But Barnett also pointed out that even if it is difficult to find a needle in a haystack, using intelligent signal processing and other related technologies, this problem can still be solved. Currently in TIAX's labs, the value of the battery indicator that can be monitored has been several orders of magnitude lower than the threshold that can cause thermal runaway. The technology for automatically detecting battery short-circuits has now charged and discharged those cycles multiple times (using more than 100 hours), and the "bad" batteries that may cause thermal runaway have collapsed before the fire.
However, in the end, TIAX's battery real-time monitoring technology is used in the car, and the OEM has the final say. As the severity of the short circuit of the electric vehicle battery is on the rise, the system that will be placed in the dashboard of the car will prompt the driver to go to the repair shop to maintain the battery; or if such a reminder is left unattended for a long time, the intelligence of the vehicle The voice system will tell the driver to park on the side of the road, turn off the engine, and wait for roadside assistance. What will happen in the end? What can you do? Dear friends, quickly open the door to thinking, please fill your brain!
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