In addition to basic video services such as live broadcasting and on-demand, IPTV business forms also include more time-shifting lookback, information browsing, interactive games, TV classrooms and other value-added services. Therefore, the intelligence and functions of the set-top box The scalability requirements are becoming higher and higher. For the IPTV service, the terminal is the basis for implementing all services, the only medium for users to experience the service, and one of the important ways to guide users' consumption habits. Therefore, the necessary terminal management is an important means to improve user experience, improve service quality, and maintain customers.
1 IPTV box end management needs analysis
The IPTV set-top box is a typical user-end device in a broadband network environment. The corresponding remote management and maintenance requirements mainly include box-end capability information management, parameter configuration, firmware upgrade, alarm and log upload, Ping and TraceRoute test, etc.
1.1 Management of box-end capability information
The acquisition of box-end capability information facilitates the provision of targeted services and services to users. The acquisition of box-end capability information includes two main channels: obtaining from the terminal manufacturer, or receiving automatic information reporting from the box-end. Through the management of the box-end capability information, users can be properly grouped and personalized services can be provided to the users, thereby achieving segmentation. Marketing. The box-end capability information mainly includes: box-end manufacturer, box-end model name, box-end hardware version number, box-end software version number, box-end current status, supported flow control protocol, supported transport layer protocol, supported transport layer control Protocols, supported stream encapsulation protocols, supported audio encoding formats, supported video encoding formats, etc.
1.2 Box-side parameter configuration
Box-side parameter configuration management includes querying the box-side parameter model and configuring and delivering the box-side parameters to realize remote management of the box-side parameters, thereby realizing remote maintenance and management and saving costs. The configuration parameters can specifically include management parameters (such as the address of various servers), network parameters (gateway, DNS address, etc.) and service parameters (alarm threshold, log reporting period, etc.).
1.3 Firmware upgrade
When the firmware version of the box is updated, the version needs to be automatically upgraded. Only the firmware upgrade package submitted by the manufacturer needs to be reviewed, and after a review, the set-top box within a certain range is automatically upgraded. The upgrade strategy should be configurable, such as selection based on user scope, box manufacturer model, firmware version number, etc.
1.4 Box-side alarm and log reporting
In order to collect statistics on service quality and other information, it is necessary for the box end to have an alarm capability and be able to report to the box end management system, for example, to report alarms for information such as packet loss rate and frame loss rate exceeding the threshold. The log report mainly includes the total number of authentications within a certain period of time, the total number of authentication failures, the details of each authentication failure, the total number of joining multicasts, the number of unicast applications, the number of HTTP requests, and the packet loss rate occurred in a certain The number of times within a range, the number of dropped frames within a certain range, etc.
1.5 Adopt Ping and TraceRoute test
In order to diagnose network faults and other reasons, the box end can perform Ping / TraceRoute tests on the host name or IP address on the network under the instruction of the management platform. The box-side management system is responsible for formulating tasks and initializing the box-side Ping / TraceRoute test parameters, and at the same time counting the box-side test result information after the test.
In addition to the above functional requirements for IPTV box-side management, IPTV set-top boxes also have the characteristics of being widely distributed in a wide area network and in large numbers. Therefore, the IPTV set-top box management protocol should have more reliable security, simple and easy to implement, and traverse complex network environment.
2 TR069 Management Protocol Introduction
The TR069 protocol is one of the technical specifications developed by the DSL Forum, and its full name is "CPE Wide Area Network Management Protocol". It provides a general framework and protocol for the management and configuration of home network devices in the next generation network, and is used for remote centralized management of gateways, routers, set-top boxes and other devices in the home network from the network side.
In the network management model defined by the TR069 protocol, the management server is called an automatic configuration server (ACS), which is responsible for completing the management of the user terminal equipment (CPE). The interface between ACS and CPE is called the southbound interface, and the interface between ACS and other network management systems, service management systems, and charging systems of the operator is called the northbound interface. The TR069 protocol mainly defines the standard of the southbound interface.
The TR069 protocol is an application layer protocol on top of IP. It fully draws on the advantages of Web technology in its design, and its transmission is based on the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). The interaction between ACS and CPE adopts Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) mode, in which ACS acts as HTTP server and CPE acts as client. Both ends of the communication (ACS and user equipment) can complete the execution of a specific function and get the returned result through RPC calls. According to TR069 protocol, SSL / TLS, HTTP basic or HTTP digest is used for authentication between CPE and ACS. In the TR069 protocol, a series of RPC Methods are defined between CPE and ACS. Among them, the methods used by ACS to call CPE response mainly include GetRPCMethods, SetParameterValues, GetParame-terValues, GetParameterNames, SetParameterAttributes,
GetParameterAttributes, AddObject, DeleteObject, Rebo-ot, Download, Upload (optional), FactoryReset (optional), GetQueuedTransfers (optional), ScheduleInform (optional), SetVouchers (optional), GetOpTIons (optional). The methods used by the CPE to call the ACS response mainly include GetRPCMethods (optional), Inform, TransferComplete, RequestDownload (optional), and Ki-cked (optional).
For user equipment, TR069 protocol mainly completes the following functions, which can meet the needs of IPTV service box management.
a) Automatic configuration of user equipment and dynamic service configuration.
b) Management of software and firmware of user equipment.
c) Monitor the status and performance of user equipment.
d) Diagnosis of communication failure.
Compared with the SNMP protocol, the TR069 protocol uses SSL / TLS, HTTP basic or HTTP digest and other encryption and authentication methods to ensure data security; it adopts more mature technologies in the Web, which is simple to implement and reduces the development difficulty; using the HTTP protocol, Can effectively traverse complex network environment. Therefore, the TR069 protocol is more suitable for the management of devices in the wide area network.
Combining with the main requirements of IPTV set-top box management and the characteristics of TR069 protocol and its defined method set, the key processes for implementing IPTV set-top box management using TR069 protocol are instantiated and explained below.
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