[National Academy of Sciences Zhang Shouyi: Blockchain and artificial intelligence will be at least ten times larger than the Internet] On May 28th, at the 2018 Expo, Zhang Suiyi, member of the National Academy of Sciences, in the 2018 Global Blockchain Technology Development Forum " "Block chain social governance" special speech. He said that most of the data related to personal information, but now personal data and information are often on the central platform. Privacy has not been well protected and individuals have not been rewarded. Both of these problems can be solved in the blockchain. Therefore, the combination of blockchain and artificial intelligence inevitably has a major impact on humanity. He said that the development of the blockchain industry will be at least ten times that of the Internet.
The following is the original speech:
Zhang Shouyi: Hello everybody. I think that the top three pillars of today's data and information technology are: quantum computing, artificial intelligence, and blockchain, so I'll share this with you as a topic.
I will first introduce the scientific findings and vigorously push quantum computing to a real frontier. Many of our great scientific discoveries are often based on changes in basic philosophical concepts. We seem to be living in a very opposite world. There must be masculinity in the yin, there must be wickedness in the good, and there must be devils in the angels. This is the relativity of the physics of the elementary particles. The great theoretical physicist Dirac found an amazing prophecy that every particle in the world must have antiparticles, but in the real world there was no case of antiparticles, but he confidently told everyone that my formula is very beautiful. You try hard to find it. Then antiparticles are found in the particles of the electrons. There must be antiparticles in the particles, just as angels must have devils. There is a Hollywood blockbuster "The Da Vinci Code" and another version of "Angels and Demons". The game of angels and devils is like positive particles and antiparticles. The curiosity of scientists did not stop because of this. At that time, they believed that it was the fundamental truth of the universe. There must be antiparticles in particles, but a theoretical physicist was very curious. He was Majorana. He said that it was not eternal. We want to find the most fundamental particles. Everyone may have heard of God's particle. It was discovered in the European Particle Accelerator. We found gravitational waves and gravitational waves, but he said that there are particles that do not have antiparticles. It is also a form that everyone dreams of in search of. The particle itself was not discovered. He was a scientist and a very amazing figure. He was an Italian. 80 years ago, he went to the port and took a ferry. He never went down and it was a big mystery. What happened? do not know either. The reason why you can't find it, because he didn't tell you how to find it. Since 2010, my theory team has predicted what system to observe what signals can be found in majorana particles.
The so-called majorana particles have particles, but there are no antiparticles, particles are usually like coins, there are also positive and negative, majorana particles are half of the usual particles, due to half the nature, half particle existence is 0.5 where a step is found, this is what we find A proof of experiment. This was published in the science journal after July last year and it is also a very sensational scientific discovery.
When we do major discoveries, just as we gave birth to our own children, we can name them, so we seem to find a perfect heaven, but angels have no devils, so we call them angel particles. For the entire information technology, What are the major changes in the end? We dreamed of engineering, creating quantum computers. Plants 15 and 11 are different. 15 is 3×5. But if you give a large number of numbers, it's very difficult to find compound numbers or genera. The quantum world is parallel. At the same time, the basic particles can pass through two holes at the same time. This is the principle of parallelism. If we follow the principle of parallelism, this is a very difficult mathematical problem, and we can perform calculations in parallel. Just like the quantum world itself is parallel, the basic unit qubits of quantum information are very fragile. If it is not 0, if it is not 1, the qubits are both 0 and 1 and they are 0 to 1 superimposed state, if there are some Noise, the state of quantum superposition will not change to 0, or it will become 1. The angel particles we discovered give us a wonderful way to store quantum information. Usually particles have two sides, one is positive, and the other is negative. Usually particles can form basic quantum information units, quantum bits, and angels, which are usually half of quantum information. We The basic unit of quantum information can be stored with two quantum information, which is very stable. What scientific differences do we have made in the discovery of quantum computers and other quantum computers in this principle? The quantum bits useful in other quantum computers require 10 to 100 error correction bits to serve it, so it is difficult to use this principle to create a real quantum computer. We have a qubit that is a qubit and doesn't require any error correction bits, so this development makes it very fast. So I went on to talk about the second topic. Artificial intelligence and artificial intelligence have also developed in the entire field for a long time. From the 1950s to the present, artificial intelligence is now undergoing rapid changes. The integration of the three major trends is the Moore theorem and the Internet. Existence and existence of the Internet of Things provide a large amount of data, and it is an algorithm. There are also rapid changes. Artificial intelligence, one question that everybody wants to answer is which days and nights artificial intelligence really achieves human intelligence. There is a Turing test, artificial intelligence and human dialogue. If it is not human or artificial intelligence, it means that people have achieved wisdom. I recently proposed a new test for artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence can not surpass human meaning and make a great scientific discovery. We completely provide all the compounds to the artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence automatically summarizes the existence of the periodic table according to the existence and laws of the compounds, so artificial intelligence has the ability to do original scientific discovery.
Next I want to share with you the blockchain. What is the blockchain? Just now everyone mentioned that the blockchain is a new billing model. Why is it so difficult to book things? If you are billing in a distributed system, the most determinable is which ledger occurs first, which ledger occurs, how the time order is arranged, or how causality is arranged. This is a distributed situation. It is a very difficult problem, but we still know that in the natural world, although we can reach a consensus in a distributed system, for example, the right is a magnet, but in the chaotic state, there is no total magnetic, but the left A consensus can be reached. Without a central command, a consensus can be reached. This tells us to reach consensus and have a consensus on time. We must, in accordance with the fundamental principles of physics, eliminate certain entropies. There is a theorem, the Fisher-lynch-Patterson theorem. If there is no random factor, but there is a central scheduling algorithm that unifies everyone, this is strictly proved and cannot be achieved, so this is a bit like the fundamental theorem of thermodynamics. Consensus, self-ordered state, must become more disorderly with the surrounding environment. Bitcoin is a very consistent basic principle. Excluding some entropy and eliminating its own entropy is our financial system becoming more stable. We can judge it in time. Therefore, blockchain development provides the most profound judgment. In a distributed system, the time is sorted by what kind of mechanism.
But this is only the beginning of the entire development of the blockchain. Bitcoin is just the beginning of the blockchain. What exciting future is the development of the entire blockchain? I think it's very important to find the inner unity. Everyone says that data needs to be learned. It needs to learn through artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence has not progressed quickly in the past few years. What are the root causes? The artificial intelligence that I just talked about first develops the enhancement of computing ability, the generation of big data, it is a very good algorithm again. The key is who owns the ownership of big data? The vast majority of big data are related to personal information. In the current situation, personal data and information often go to the central platform. We personally do not achieve the protection of our privacy, and we have not received any rewards for providing personal data. These two issues are also at the same time. Blockchain solves it, so the blockchain and artificial intelligence must have a complementary relationship. Since the blockchain account book can be accurately recorded, we can know what data each person contributes to artificial intelligence to provide learning opportunities.
To achieve this, we need very subtle mathematics. I describe the trend of the entire blockchain over the next ten, fifty, or even one hundred years in one sentence. I say it is what we call the building of trust in mathematics. What is it? mathematics? We originally had elliptic curve encryption, calculations of hash functions, zero-knowledge proofs, multi-system calculations, differential privacy, homomorphic encryption, etc. These mathematics have enabled us to digitize the real product market so that each of us can have The data that oneself should possess, but still can use these mathematics modes in the case that this has data protection privacy, really create a mathematics market, calculate on this.
Therefore, under the cryptoeconomics system, we can also create more just welfare for the society. Because the biggest injustice in society today is discrimination against a few PAs, but in the data market economy, we know that AI knows how to make people smarter through learning. The real data needed is not what I learned before. Like the data, it is the most different data and it is more favorable to it. Therefore, in this market situation, higher quotation is given to the data owned by a few institutions, so that it can truly achieve the welfare of the society and turn the ugly duckling into a beautiful swan. Looking at the entire blockchain technology outlook, I think that the invention of DAG is very important, making the blockchain very fast. We need to stabilize the production of currency. The most reliable way to stabilize the currency is to tie together the value of money and basic energy. . We also need greener Bitcoins. One of the great ideas is to reach a consensus through storage.
The development of blockchains will inevitably result from the data market. In the entire state of the Internet, it is only possible to exchange information and it is now possible to exchange value. Therefore, I often provide opinions that the future development of the entire blockchain industry will be at least ten times that of the Internet.
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