With the rapid development of science and technology, in real life, we can easily find the application of ultrasonic sensors. Ultrasonic sensors are widely used in manufacturing, electric power, and metallurgy to measure building materials, chemicals, food, automobiles, warehousing, shipbuilding, textiles, transportation, exploration, liquid level, etc. due to their high measurement accuracy, stable operation, and temperature compensation. Level monitoring, open channel flow detection, robotic technology, food processing and other industries can measure liquid materials as well as measure the liquid level measurement in the solid material industry.
Ultrasound is widely used, but as the saying goes, gold is not enough, and people are not perfect. From the past, we have an understanding of the ultrasonic sensor and experience in the use of ultrasound sensors have any advantages and disadvantages, these advantages and disadvantages will not bring a certain impact on our lives? This is when we in-depth understanding of ultrasonic sensors It needs attention. The following gongxiaonet Xiaobian explored this issue.
First of all, let us talk about the working principle of ultrasonic sensors: ultrasonic sensors are developed using the characteristics of ultrasonic sensors. Ultrasonic probes mainly composed of piezoelectric wafers, can emit ultrasound, can also receive ultrasound. Piezoelectric ultrasonic generators actually use the resonance of a piezoelectric crystal to operate. It has two piezoelectric wafers and one resonator plate. When its two poles plus a pulse signal whose frequency is equal to the natural oscillation frequency of the piezoelectric wafer, the piezoelectric wafer will resonate and drive the resonance plate to vibrate to generate ultrasonic waves. Conversely, if no voltage is applied between the two electrodes, when the resonator plate receives ultrasonic waves, it will compress the piezoelectric wafer to vibrate and convert the mechanical energy into an electrical signal. At this time, it becomes an ultrasonic receiver. The low-power ultrasonic probes are mostly probes, and they have many different structures. They can be used to separate straight probes (longitudinal waves), oblique probes (transverse waves), surface probes (surface waves), Lamb wave probes (lamb waves), and dual probes ( One probe reflects, one probe receives).
Secondly, using ultrasonic characteristics to measure objects has many advantages. That is because ultrasonic waves have high frequencies, short wavelengths, and small diffraction, especially good directionality, which can become ray and direct transmission. Ultrasonic penetration of liquids, solids is very large, especially in the sun opaque solid, it can penetrate depths of tens of meters. Ultrasonic waves that encounter impurities or interfaces can produce significant reflections and reflect back into echoes, and Doppler effects can occur when moving objects are encountered. The sensor developed based on ultrasonic characteristics is called "ultrasonic sensor" and is widely used in industrial, defense, and biomedical fields.
However, since the Curie point of the piezoelectric material is generally high, in particular, the ultrasonic probe for diagnosis uses a small ultrasonic sensor and has a relatively low operating temperature and can work for a long time without failure. Ultrasound probes for medical use have relatively high temperatures and require separate refrigeration equipment. The sensitivity mainly depends on the wafer itself. The electromechanical coupling coefficient is large and the sensitivity is high; otherwise, the sensitivity is low. There are three reasons:
1, the current ultrasonic sensor frequency is relatively fixed, for example, 40KHz sensor, can only be used in 38-42KHz, other frequencies are similar, currently can not see a wide range of frequency sensors, such as 40KHz ~ 500KHz such products ;
2. The driving voltage is high, generally between 100Vp-p and 1500Vp-p. Pulse transformer step-up is needed on many low-voltage devices, but it will also bring some complicated problems. If there is a 3~5V low voltage driver (higher power) sensor, it is better;
3, sensitivity, it is best to be higher;
It can be seen that the ultrasonic sensor can send, receive and analyze the sound that our ears cannot detect. In terms of detection, ultrasonic sensors can be used to perform functions such as ultrasonic distance measurement and ultrasonic flaw detection. They can be used to detect submarine sunken ships, enemy submarines and show metal internal injuries. All of these can be applied to various technical fields such as industry, agriculture, light industry, and medical care, and are closely related to our lives. Some of the advantages and disadvantages of the ultrasonic sensors are analyzed here. For example, if you are still very interested in the advantages and disadvantages of ultrasonic sensors, you may be able to personally use the ultrasonic sensors. In this way, you can be very short. The advantages and disadvantages of ultrasonic sensors are learned within a certain period of time. If ultrasonic sensors are used in the process of discovering how to solve the shortcomings of ultrasonic sensors, they can also consult the relevant professional ultrasonic sensor researchers.
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