When the personal computer entered the field of multimedia, it seemed destined to be a road that could not be turned back. While the concept of computer leisure and entertainment has developed rapidly, are you ready to accept it?
When the vast majority of people face this problem, the first reaction may be limited to the change in the visual sense of the official face, or contain a small part of the auditory application, but in the definition of multimedia, visual and auditory It is an inseparable two sides, and there is no difference between which is more important; however, as we have seen, the speed of updating graphics cards and monitors related to vision is faster than that of the CPU, leaving only the application of hearing Stepping on the spot, perhaps this is related to the fact that most people have a slower ability to experience hearing than it is visual! In the eyes of ordinary people, the speaker is a less eye-catching part, and it is included in the relatively casual budget position in the computer configuration. In fact, a good set of speakers can make you feel what is called "audiovisual" in your spare time. Double enjoyment. " But now the speakers on the market are thousands of expensive, and the cheap ones can be won, so what kind of speakers with the performance indicators are really a good speaker? In addition to some performance indicators, what else should we pay attention to? The following can bring you some help.
Everyone's hobbies and cultivation are different, and good standards are also different, so they must be based on what they hear in their ears. What others say is secondary, because you bought the stereo yourself. However, there are generally several test indicators on the speakers. These indicators are related to the quality of the speakers and the use of the speakers. Therefore, in addition to the fact that the ear listeners are true, these indicators should also be understood.
Sensitivity: This indicator is generally available on speakers. For example, if a speaker has a sensitivity of 87dB, it means that 1W of pink noise is input to the speaker, and the sound pressure value received at 1M from the front of the speaker is 87dB. This definition test method is the method of IEC and China. The sensitivity test method that needs to be explained may be different for different manufacturers and different countries. Therefore, the sensitivity of speakers of different manufacturers has different meanings, but also look at its definition and test methods.
Here is a concept that needs to be explained. The marked sensitivity of the speaker is 1M directly in front of it. The actual listening position is often greater than 1M, and it is not in front of it. At this time, the sensitivity of hearing will decrease, that is, to hear the same sensitivity at the actual listening position, the input power will increase; again, the input power and the sound pressure value are logarithmic, that is, the sound pressure value An increase of 3 dB (that is, a doubling of loudness) will increase the input power by a factor of 10.
The size of sensitivity reflects the difficulty of the speaker to a certain extent. But it is not absolute, it depends on whether the sensitivity definition and test conditions of the two speakers are consistent, and then there is the situation of the unit used and the structure of the cabinet. Generally speaking, when choosing a speaker for beginners, the sensitivity is better than 86dB. Such a box is better to push a little, and the requirements for the power amplifier are not too high.
It should also be emphasized that the sensitivity of the speakers does not necessarily have to do with the sound quality and timbre.
Sensitivity is directly related to the dynamics of the speakers. The dynamic range of speakers with high sensitivity is correspondingly large. Therefore, the speakers used for AV often have high sensitivity, often above 100dB, in order to adapt to the needs of movie software effects. As far as the low and medium price points are concerned, improving the sensitivity of the speaker often brings the consequences of increased distortion. Because the sound quality of the high-fidelity speaker is the first, the sound quality is the first when designing the speaker. The level of sensitivity is secondary. So the sensitivity is not high, but there are reasons why it is not high.
Impedance: The impedance value marked by the speaker is actually a pure resistance value. In fact, the impedance of the speaker is not fixed during operation, and the rated impedance is only an intermediate value. When the frequency changes, the impedance will change accordingly. Generally, the impedance will decrease in the low frequency band, and the impedance will increase in the high frequency band. The minimum impedance of the speaker is the DC resistance of the unit, and the voice coil is an inductive component that has inductance during AC operation, and the resistance, capacitance, and inductance in the crossover network generate impedance, so the rated impedance of the speaker is greater than the DC resistance .
The impedance of the speaker is related to the damping coefficient of the power amplifier. When the speaker with higher impedance is matched with the same power amplifier, the damping coefficient is higher. In other words, the speaker is more easily controlled by the power amplifier.
When the impedance of the speaker is in an ideal state, the smaller the change with the operating frequency, the better.
Withstand power: In the specifications of the general speaker's manual, the common column requires amplifier power of 30-150W, which means that the previous 30W refers to the minimum continuous power to promote this pair of speakers is 30W, only to reach this power , The speaker can enter the best working state, and all indicators can also be reached. The next 150W is the maximum load-bearing power, which is the maximum continuous load-bearing power of the speaker. Continuous power exceeding this value may cause damage to the unit. Rather than referring to the speaker's instantaneous carrying power, the instantaneous carrying power is often several times larger.
The power marked by the speaker is not the power of the power amplifier. Example: 30-150W speakers, it is not enough for you to choose 30W power. Although the 30W power amplifier can also make the speaker sing, but its dynamic power margin is not enough, it is easy to make the power amplifier in overload working state and damage the power amplifier and the speaker. , But the speaker performance is far from showing. You just hear 40% or 50%. Therefore, it is necessary to select at least 3-5 times the power amplifier of this value, so that the system can be in a normal working state and can play a good performance. All kinds of dynamic music software can be fully expressed. The speaker's potential can also be maximized. It is also necessary to choose a 150W or even a 200W power amplifier. It is definitely not a waste. On the contrary, this option can better exploit the potential of the entire system and enable you to hear better sounds.
When buying back a set of speakers, you should carefully look at the power indicators marked by it and the standards it uses. You cannot simply think that the larger the marked power, the better, because manufacturers implement different standards, not to mention that many manufacturers tend to mark high power. When listening, the continuous power should be less than the rated power as marked.
Frequency response range: Of the several indicators of the speaker, the frequency response is the most concerned, especially the beginning enthusiasts are most concerned about low frequency indicators.
The general frequency response standard method is 40Hz-20KHz -3dB; 40Hz-20KHz and so on. What does this mean? The previous notation shows that there will be 3dB attenuation at the two ends of 40Hz and 20KHz, and the actual listening experience is twice as low as the intermediate frequency sound pressure at both ends. The latter standard is actually meaningless, or is suspected of being deceptive. Because you don't know how much you attenuate at both ends of 40Hz and 20KHz, if it is 6dB, it is 1/4 sound pressure, and 9dB is 1/8 sound pressure. Besides, you don't know what frequency he starts to attenuate, maybe even attenuate from 100Hz or more 2 -6dB is also unknown. Therefore, this standard has no practical reference significance. Although the low-frequency cut-off point can be measured from the instrument is 40Hz, it has been attenuated by more than 6dB, and there is no sense of quantity in the sense of hearing, let alone texture.
The frequency response we require, of course, is as wide as possible, but it must also be flat to make sense. It only makes sense if the attenuation at both ends is not greater than 3dB. Another problem is that the standard frequency response of the audio is measured in the anechoic room or semi-anechoic room, and it is the characteristic of the front axis of the speaker. The listening environment in the actual home is ever-changing, so the standard frequency response can only be used as a reference. Because all you can hear at home is the combined frequency response of the speaker + environment.
The speaker is best to give the frequency response curve, which is the relationship between the sound output sound pressure level and frequency. With this curve, we can see that the sound pressure level output by the speaker is roughly what; whether the frequency response is uniform, whether there is obvious The peak and valley of the frequency; there is the attenuation of the two ends of the frequency response, which has a practical starting point and end point for listening.
Speaker dynamic range: The speaker dynamic range refers to the maximum sound pressure level output by the speaker. As mentioned earlier, speakers with large dynamics generally have high sensitivity, so the sensitivity of speakers used for sound reinforcement and AV is very high, dynamic It's also very big, the replay is generally full and the sound pressure is strong. For large dynamic signals, there is a feeling of light weight and ease of handling. However, when the dynamics become larger, it is easy to produce distortion, and there is a balance between them. The dynamic range is large, and the subwoofer needs to be distorted, that is, it has more stringent requirements on the cabinet, unit, etc., which causes the cabinet to be too large and expensive.
It should also be noted that the dynamics of the speaker playback are also consistent with the dynamics of the software. The lower limit of the dynamic range depends on the background noise of the listening room and the noise of the system.
The above talked about the technical knowledge of the speaker relatively briefly, and the following talk about a few points of purchase audio.
Generally speaking, there are the following points when buying speakers:
horn:
The selection of speakers should consider the material of the speakers, which depends on personal preference. The tweeter is mainly domed, with a titanium membrane dome and a soft dome. The former has a higher frequency upper limit, and the treble sound is bright, which is obviously better than the latter in the analog sound source system; the latter is widely used in high-end In the speaker, the combination with the digital sound source can reduce the rigidity of the high-frequency signal, giving a soft, smooth and delicate feeling. For the speakers connected to the computer sound card, soft domes such as silk film and silk film are mostly used as tweeters. The woofer is relatively more important. The key is that it determines the characteristics of the speaker sound. The most common ones are the following: paper cones (also divided into paper cones, paper-based wool basins, tight pressure basins, and reinforced paper basins) ), Has the advantages of natural timbre, cheap, good rigidity, high internal damping, etc. The disadvantage is that the moisture resistance is poor, and the consistency is difficult to control during production; the bulletproof cloth has a wide frequency response and low distortion, and is a strong bass enthusiast. The first choice, the disadvantages are high cost, complicated production process, and poor light music effect; woolen paper cones are slightly softer in texture, the advantage is that they are perfect for soft music performance, the disadvantage is that the bass effect is not good, and the expressive power of rock music and march As desired; PP (polypropylene) film is widely popular in high-end speakers, with good consistency and low distortion, and its performance in all aspects is remarkable. In addition, fiber diaphragms and composite diaphragms are rare in popular speakers, so I won't say more.
The size of the speaker is not as large as possible. A 5-inch or 5.5-inch speaker is sufficient to meet the needs of general users. Most subwoofer speakers are 3-inch or 3.5-inch. Generally, you can find information about the speaker in the speaker information.
Cabinet
The speakers are mainly divided into two types, wooden and plastic, according to the materials produced. Ordinary low-end plastic speaker boxes are thin and cannot overcome acoustic resonance. The consistency of the two boxes is poor, and there is really no sound quality at all. Wooden speakers reduce the sound stain caused by the resonance of the cabinet, and the sound quality is generally better than that of plastic speakers. At present, some inferior speakers on the market only have a layer of wood veneer on the surface, but the inside is plastic. It is best to pay attention if you can disassemble the speaker.
At present, most of the speakers are inverting design. It has higher power endurance and lower distortion than the enclosed speakers. It has sufficient sense of volume and high sensitivity, which can meet the requirements of most occasions. Because the sound wave behind the speaker is emitted from the phase inversion hole, its efficiency is also higher than that of the closed box. If a loudspeaker is installed in a suitable inverter box, the bass sound pressure obtained in a closed box of the same volume is 3dB higher, which is an important reason why the inverter box is widely popular. The advantage of the closed box is that the low frequency has strength, good transient, fast response, clear low frequency, good effect of listening to classical music and indoor music, but the dive depth is limited, and the sense of low frequency is slightly insufficient.
After opening the package, you should carefully check the outer skin of the speaker for obvious blisters, bumps, hard scars, and rough and uneven edges; check the tightness of the combination between the panels of the cabinet. The phenomenon of unevenness, incompleteness, glue leakage, and excessive glue; whether the trademark mark on the gauze cover is firmly pasted; remove the front panel gauze cover, and check whether the workmanship inside and outside the gauze cover is fine and neat. The box of the speaker should be thick and well sealed. Weighing the weight of the sub-speaker can tell whether the box is thick. You can know whether the airtightness is good or not by feeling whether the airflow of the inverted hole is strong during music stress. If you have the ability, you should also check whether the material and size of the woofer unit are consistent with the instructions; whether the woofer unit and the cabinet are fixed firmly; check whether the inverter tube and the cabinet are firmly bonded.
Antimagnetic performance
Most businesses now claim that their speakers have anti-magnetic functions, and when you buy, put the speaker next to the display and try it out. If the image on the screen is not abnormal when the speaker is close to the display, or there is only a slight change, then the speaker's anti-magnetic performance is considered qualified.
Functional design and ease of use
Most of the hardware 3D sound technology now uses SRS, APX, SpaTIalizer 3D, Q-SOUND, Virtaul Dolby and Ymersion. Although the theories of their respective applications are different, they can make people feel the obvious three-dimensional sound field effect. The first three Species are more common. In addition, there are two kinds of sound enhancement technologies: active electromechanical servo technology and BBE high-definition plateau sound playback system technology, which also have certain effects on improving sound quality. Some speakers claim to have BBE, SRS, SpaTIalizer 3D, APX and other sound enhancement technologies or 3D surround sound technology. Pay attention to whether these speakers have obvious effects after turning on these functions, and whether they bring some negative effects such as noise that affect the sound quality. Some so-called low-cost speakers with 3D function don't have any sound processing chip at all, but they are realized by inverting the left and right channels 180 degrees by a simple RL circuit, so its 3D effect is poor. Ease of use refers to whether the panel design is reasonable, whether it provides high and low adjustment knobs, balance adjustment, multi-channel audio input, surround speaker access and other functions, which are closely related to the price of the speaker.
Service and Security
When buying speakers, try to choose more famous products. Famous factories have professional production lines and perfect production systems. Their raw materials are also formal, so the quality of the products is guaranteed. Under normal circumstances, it is necessary for the speaker manufacturer to provide a one-year warranty.
Also, don't ignore security issues. The safety indicators of electrical appliances are enforced by the state, and large manufacturers generally follow them. Not all active speakers have passed the safety certification of the national authority. Please pay attention when purchasing. An obvious feature is that the power cord and plug that meets the national standard should have the "Great Wall" logo on it. The plug is two parallel pieces. Flat insert with no round hole at the end. Pay attention to check the accessories, which generally include packing list, instruction manual, warranty book, connecting cable, etc.
Ok, so much talk, you still have to practice it yourself when buying, because everyone feels different, so how do you make a subjective judgment on the sound quality of the box?
Friends can use the familiar high-quality CD sound source input, adjust all the adjustment knobs to the middle position, turn on the switch, adjust the volume to a moderate position, use the ear to distinguish and judge: the person moves left and right to judge the phase characteristics of the speaker, there are No obvious polarization and phase delay; adjust the balance knob to judge the sound field diffusion effect and sound localization performance; reduce the volume to judge the distortion, noise and expressiveness of small signal output; then increase the volume to check whether there is a sound burst 3. The maximum power and dynamic margin of the speaker; use the software to improve the midrange and observe whether there are obvious defects near the crossover frequency, whether it is strong and powerful; add bass components to observe whether the cabinet has obvious resonance, bass Whether it is thick and thick; enhance the high-pitched part of the sound source to hear whether the high-pitched sound is clear, bright, and bright; then use short and powerful percussion to determine the transient effect and rate response of the speaker; use the surging movie sound source to determine the reverberation in the sound room The appeal and impact of time and output signals; use life and symphony The width of the sound field to determine the source of the sense, the feeling of depth and sense of the scene ...... finally make a comprehensive assessment of the overall performance of the cabinet. However, some friends have the same feeling of the sound of thousands of dollars of speakers and the sound of hundreds of dollars of speakers (if a sound card of tens of dollars, then no matter how good the speaker can't hear any good sound). In any case, feeling good is the most important thing, especially for friends who have a certain appreciation ability. Even if you are not confident about the level of your ears, it is necessary to listen to the noise. If the ideal speaker is working, if no signal is added, even if the volume is turned to the maximum, no sound will be heard. You can connect the speaker to the power supply, but do not connect the audio signal cable, and then turn the volume to the maximum. If only a slight rustling sound is heard, the signal-to-noise ratio of this speaker is good. In short, "practice is the only standard for testing speakers".
After friends have learned about the important technical knowledge and purchase points of the speaker, it is time to enter the market. Here I divide the mainstream speakers on the market into four grades according to price: entry-level (less than 300 yuan) popular type (300-700 yuan) and fever type (more than 700 yuan), and give their characteristics. Hope to help friends when choosing speakers.
1. Entry-level:
Multimedia speakers configured with computers, everyone choose this type, after all, it is to choose speakers for the computer, but not to use it to enjoy music, so there is no need to choose particularly good.
The main products in the market are as follows: shortlisted products are indicated by "recommended"
Shockwave series WAVE500Q 190 yuan cheap entry-level multimedia active speakers
FAA242 (recommended) 270 yuan improved version of FAA241, 4.5-inch paper cone speaker, excellent sound quality
Runbao Light Cavalry Series M2 / M3 200/240 yuan is designed for multimedia computers, liquid magnetic dome tweeters and large magnetic steel, long-stroke woofer speakers.
Rambler series R800TC 170 yuan uses coaxial speakers, which integrates treble and bass, and is on the same axis, with the advantage of accurate positioning. The coaxial speaker with single voice coil and double diaphragm avoids the cross section between the high and low frequencies of the two crossover speakers, so the high, middle and low frequencies are more harmonious.
Supersonic series JW60A 170 yuan entry-level wooden speaker
National series ASP200B / ASP200BC 245 yuan entry-level most economical wooden speaker, the adjustment knob is behind, using BBE sound effect enhancement technology, the sound is restored well
Quge series 999 160 yuan uses a full-band coaxial speaker with a leading phase hole
Huisheng series HS210P 190 yuan polyester film dome tweeter, 4 inch plastic coated paper bass
Sannuo series SR-666 250 yuan
recommend:
Runbao Light Cavalry M2 uses SGS-THOMSON Semiconductor's latest integrated power amplifier TDA7269. The power amplifier has a very wide operating voltage range and a power of 2 * 18W. It uses a unique technology to make it work in class A and B. It has large dynamics, low distortion, The transient response is good, and the sound is exquisite. Runbao M3 adopts the characteristic set of SGS-THOMSON to successfully release TDA2030A (it is TDA2030 type), with strong load capacity, 24W power, wide frequency response and low distortion, and has overheating and overcurrent protection functions, sweet sound and high reliability . The treble is clear and bright, the midrange is transparent and round, the bass is excellent in transient, full and without delay, and powerful and powerful.
Edifier R100TC is fully anti-magnetic design, 12mm medium and high density board structure, 3/4 inch soft dome liquid magnetic tweeter, 4.5 inch foam edge pitted embossed paper cone woofer, specially designed for computer multimedia, high cost performance . Available in white and brown.
Shockwave FAA242 type, its high and low speakers use Shanghai silver flute products, 4.5-inch paper cone speakers, plastic speaker cover, leading phase design, "Jixing 268" is this product, it is different from the ordinary speaker PVC paste It is the use of new imitation furniture veneer to make it easier to match with furniture, beautiful sound quality, high quality.
2. Popular type
Shockwave WAVE1000A // WAVE1000N 300 yuan paper cone speaker, design standard high-quality bookshelf active speaker
Shockwave WAVE1000S 450 yuan fever-quality bulletproof cloth speaker active speaker, bi-amp design
Runbao Light Cavalry M4.0 380 yuan liquid magnetic wire film dome tweeter and woolen paper cone woofer
Edifier series R1800ATP (recommended) 440 yuan uses a 4-inch hyperbolic concave PP basin woofer, beautiful sound, suitable for listening to classical music, vocals.
Edifier R1800ATF (recommended) 530 yuan uses a 4-inch super-strength ballistic cloth woven basin woofer, strong bass, suitable for listening to rock music, games.
Edifier R2000AT 530 yuan dual magnetic circuit PV film soft dome tweeter, 5 inch glued paper cone woofer. Medium density board structure, active and passive dual-use, with simulated surround sound output interface
Edifier R2000AT3D 630 yuan built-in APX3D processor, using two speakers to create a three-dimensional sound field. Especially suitable for VCD theaters.
Supersonic JW95APS (recommended) 520 yuan 4 inch preparation basin unit and dome tweeter, with SRS3D sound effect
National ASP290T / ASP290TS 370/500 yuan rear pilot design, adjusting knob in front, outstanding quality. 290TS type with SRS3D sound effect
National ASP300BK / ASP300BS 480/600 yuan lead phase design, adjustment knob in front, woofer on top. Strong tone reproduction, extremely cost-effective. 300BS model with SRS3D sound effect and BBE sound effect enhancement technology
Quge 2000K 400 yuan design standard, active passive dual-use, 4 inch paper basin woofer
Quge 1800KII 560 yuan enlarged cabinet, novel design, dual-conducting phase hole
Song song 2800K 620 yuan 6 inch full bulletproof cloth woofer
Huisheng HS210CDPV 380 yuan film dome tweeter, 4 inch CD film polyester basin bass
recommend:
Runbao Light Cavalry M4.2
3. Fever type
Shock wave WAVE1800SRS (recommended) 850 yuan aluminum-plated film basin holder and bullet cone, leading phase design, dual-conducting phase holes
Shockwave WAVE2000A / WAVE2000SRS 610/700 yuan Noble and elegant vertical true / passive dual-purpose fever speaker, 5 inch paper basin woofer
Edifier R2000AT 670 yuan 98 models enhanced bass, large front inverter tube, equal volume box design, heightened size, and 25-29 inch color TV placed in harmony.
Edifier R20003D 770 yuan 98 models (recommended) Built-in APX 3D processor, using two speakers to create a three-dimensional sound field. Especially suitable for VCD theater
Having said so much about the purchase of speakers, I think everyone already knows how to choose a speaker that suits you? However, the feeling of sound is a very subjective feeling, because the sound is very abstract and not as objective as the visual experience, so your own feelings must be placed first. Finally, I wish everyone can buy a fever speaker that suits you. Welcome to communicate with me, my Email :.
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